Continuous fat-free mass decline in COPD: fact or fiction?

Continuous fat-free mass decline in COPD: fact or fiction?

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) generally have lower fat-free mass (a surrogate marker of skeletal muscle mass) compared with their healthy peers [1, 2], and this is associated with decreased functional capacity [3], the presence of other comorbidities (e.g. osteoporosis and renal impairment) [4] and increased mortality risk [5]. To date, longitudinal observational st...

Fat grafting: fact or fiction?

Fat grafting is an accepted and frequently used procedure , particularly with the current interest in volume restoration surgery. The varying results achieved by this procedure, which are often explained as " technique-dependent, " likewise seem to be widely accepted. The reports on different techniques for harvesting, treating, and injecting fat cells that appear in the literature are often co...

Sonofusion – Fact or Fiction?

Sonoluminescence and Sonofusion phenomena may occur when vapor bubbles implode. This paper reviews the status of our understanding of the bubble dynamics involved in these interesting phenomena. In particular, the experimental and analytical evidence supporting the observed production of neutrons and tritium due to thermonuclear fusion within imploding bubble clusters is reviewed. Moreover, pot...

NFRs : Fact or Fiction ?

Fact or fiction

Many previous studies have aimed at spermatogenesis of male murine germ cells in vitro, but no efficient system has been established yet that covers the entire process of mammalian spermatogenesis in a culture dish permanently. In this review, we report on the requirements of spermatogenesis and the current state of different culture methods using testicular tissue fragments, single cell suspen...